The file /etc/ssh/sshd_config is used to configure the SSH service. To be able to login with a password as user root change the following lines in the Authentication section

PermitRootLogin prohibit-password

to

PermitRootLogin yes 

and

#PasswordAuthentication yes

to

PasswordAuthentication yes

After altering the SSH configuration, the SSH service must be restarted to apply the new configuration:

systemctl restart sshd.socket

To setup a password for a user, execute the command passwd <username>, e.g. passwd root for the default user root, and set your password. Afterwards execute the login command to login the user with the new password.